Wonder of the Waters - A History of Essential Mineral Baths

For centuries, hot springs have offered numerousthe area. The region's climate and unique conditions
health benefits for everything from arthritis tocreated by its low elevation has made the Dead Sea
indigestion. Sulfur, for instance, is credited with relievinga popular destination for a variety of health and beauty
nasal congestion, while sodium bicarbonate and calciumtreatments. Multiple studies have shown the mineral
are said to enhance circulation. A number of studiesessentials of the sea are effective for psoriasis, acne,
have also indicated that soaking in hot mineral springand rheumatism. The Ein Gedi Spa, a well-established
waters lessens the pain of arthritis. For instance, asite on the shores of the Dead Sea, offers indoor
study published in the August 1995 issue of the Israelithermo-mineral pools, resting areas, and a large
medical journal Harefuah reported patients bathing inoutdoor bath containing rich, heavy black mud, which is
the Dead Sea salt experienced improvement in kneeideal for ridding the body of poisons.
pain. Other Israeli study results published in the AprilThe healing properties of hot springs were espoused
2001 issue of the Rheumatology International indicatedby the Native Americans, as well. When Spanish
that hot sulfur baths helped relieve the pain and lessenexplorer Hernando De Soto reached the Valley of the
the fatigue of fibromyalgia.Vapors in 1541, he was the first European to see the
The benefits of hot springs, or mineral baths, were firstcurative nature of what is now known as Hot Springs,
endorsed by the Romans. They were so much a partArkansas. For many years, tribes had been enjoying
of life that nearly every Roman city had at least onethe springs - agreeing to put aside their weapons to
bath, which served as centers of public bathing andpartake of the healing waters in peace while in the
socializing. Throughout the Empire, baths sprung upvalley. By 1832, the Hot Springs National Park was
wherever natural hot springs existed, including theformed, which granted protection of the thermal
United Kingdom, Germany, Algeria, and Thewaters, giving Hot Springs the distinction of being the
Netherlands. Here, Romans bathed, exercised, andfirst national park to be designated for government
socialized with one another. They were used by theprotection.
rich, poor, free or slave.The thermal springs, situated in the Ouachita Mountains
The hot springs in Baden-Baden, Germany, were wellof Central Arkansas, emerge in a gap between Hot
known to the Romans. In 1847, well preserved remainsSprings Mountain and West Mountain. Nicknamed "The
of Roman vapour baths were discovered below theAmerican Spa," visitors from around the world flocked
castle. In fact, the direct translation of Baden-Baden isto the natural hot springs. Today, this rich history is
Baths-Baths. The name actually refers to both the citypreserved in the faithfully-restored Fordyce Bathhouse,
and the Baden region of Germany and the city liesa museum and visitors center on Bathhouse Row. A
along the Oos River in the Black Forest. One of thevariety of bathing facilities are open as well to visitors
world's great spas, Baden-Baden has been popularon Bathhouse Row and in hotels and spas downtown.
with patrons of its natural mineral springs for centuries.More than 100 years ago, the rich and famous traveled
In fact, Britain's Queen Victoria was an annual visitorby private rail car to Mount Clemens, Michigan, to
who made the health benefits of Baden-Baden wellexperience its magical mineral waters pumped from
known during her reign.1,400 feet under the city. Following the opening of the
Today, the bathing houses in Baden-Baden arefirst bath house, "America's Bath City" reached its
considered some of the most elegant in Europe.height of popularity with luxury resort hotels offering
However, the baths cater to people of all means.heated baths, which were widely known to relieve the
There are a total of 29 hot springs, which is conveyedpain of arthritis and rheumatism, as well as skin
through the town in pipes to the various baths. Theproblems such as eczema. Henry Ford, William
waters at Baden-Baden are known to bring relief forRandolph Hearst, Mae West, Babe Ruth, and
cases of rheumatism, gout, paralysis, neuralgia, and skinEuropean royalty made visits to Mount Clemens to
diseases.partake of its mineral essentials.
One of the world's first health resorts, the Dead Sea isIn the 1900s, the mineral water from Mount Clemens
one of the world's saltiest bodies of water. Herod thedrew thousands of polio patients. Legend had it that
Great, the Roman king of Judaea from 73 BC to 4people came to the city in wheelchairs and left walking
BC, enjoyed the healthful benefits of the Dead Sea, asunder their own power. Ultimately, eleven major bath
well as Queen Cleopatra, who obtained exclusivehouses operated in the city, supported by dozens of
rights to build cosmetic and pharmaceutical factories inresort hotels, resulting in a thriving therapeutic industry.