Mount Royal Station

B&O historyOn December 8, 1976, the station was added to the
Constructionregister of National Historic Landmarks, granting it full
Designed by Baltimore architect E. Francis Baldwin in aprotection as an historic site. The Mount Royal Station
blend of modified Romanesque and Renaissancetrain shed, one of the country last remaining such
styling, the station was constructed in 1896 by thestructures, was renovated in 1985 due to advanced
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) as part of itsdeterioration of the shed materials. In 1992, the AIA's
massive Baltimore Belt Line improvement project forBaltimore chapter honored the Maryland Institute and
its New York passenger service. Located at the northarchitects Cochran, Stevenson & Donkervoet
end of the B&O's Howard Street tunnel, thewith a 25 Year Award for Excellence in Design of
station was built of Maryland granite trimmed withEnduring Significance for their adaptive reuse of the
Indiana limestone, with a red tile roof and landmarkformer train depot.
150-foot (46 m) clocktower. The station's interiorBetween 20052007, MICA accomplished a
featured marble mosaic flooring, a fireplace, andtwo-phased, $6.3 million renovation of the building by
rocking chairs. It opened to the public on September 1,the architectural firm of Grieves, Worrall, Wright &
1896. "It was considered," said the Baltimore Sun, "theOatnick, Inc. The first phase, renovation of the interior,
most splendid station in the country built and used bywas completed in Fall, 2005: interior finishes, such as
only one railroad." That evaluation was shared bythe mosaic tile flooring, marble columns, tin ceilings,
railroad historian Lucius Beebe, who proclaimed Mountwood wainscot, and trim were cleaned and restored.
Royal "one of the celebrated railroad stations of theClassroom space was also increased, as well as the
world, ranking in renown with Euston Station, London,quality and quantity of studio space. The second
scene of so many of Sherlock Holmes' departures, thephase, restoration of the building's exterior and train
Gare du Nord in Paris, and the feudal fortress of theshed, was completed in Spring, 2007: stonework and
Pennsylvania Railroad at Broad Street, Philadelphia."wood were cleaned, repaired, and repainted, the slate
Train operationscanopy restored, and the drainage system fixed;
The station's interior in 1958clerestory and structural timbers in the train shed were
The B&O pioneered the first U.S. mainline railwayreplaced and the steel roof framing was reinforced. In
electrification system at Mount Royal Station when itkeeping with the pedestrian landscaping and
opened in 1896, installing an overhead third rail systemstreetscape that MICA has created along Mount
in the station's trainshed and its tunnel approaches.Royal Avenue, a new plaza with benches, bike racks,
The most famous train associated with the Mountshrubs, and ornamental grasses and ground cover
Royal Station was the Royal Blue, which ran betweenwas added.
Washington, D.C. and New York City. Luminaries usingThe Station Building, as it is now called by MICA,
the B&O's station over the years include U.S.houses the undergraduate departments of fiber and
Presidents Woodrow Wilson, Calvin Coolidge, Herbertinterdisciplinary sculpture, 3-D classrooms, and the
Hoover, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Dwight D.Rinehart School of Sculpture, as well as senior studios.
Eisenhower, along with Western showman "Buffalo Bill"See also
Cody, singer Enrico Caruso, and celebrated conductorBaltimore Terminal Subdivision
Arturo Toscanini, whose private Pullman car wasMount Clare Shops
parked on a siding during his appearances at theReferences
nearby Lyric Theatre. After the B&O discontinued^ "National Register Information System". National
passenger service to New York on April 26, 1958,Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
Mount Royal Station became the eastern terminus of2008-04-15.
B&O's passenger trains. It was one of thirteen^ "Mount Royal Station and Trainshed". National Historic
Baltimore buildings selected in 1959 for the HistoricLandmark summary listing. National Park Service.
American Buildings Survey. On June 30, 1961, theRetrieved 2008-06-17. 
B&O consolidated its Baltimore passenger train^ a b John F. Stover, History of the Baltimore and Ohio
service at Camden Station, permanently ending its useRailroad. West Lafayette, Ind.: Purdue University Press,
of Mount Royal Station after 65 years of operation.1987 (ISBN 0-911198-81-4), pp. 172176.
Art studio conversion^ a b Timothy Jacobs, The History of the Baltimore
The vacant railroad station building, train shed, and the& Ohio. New York: Crescent Books, 1989 (ISBN
surrounding 3 acres were subsequently acquired by0-517-67603-6), p. 68.
the Maryland Institute College of Art (MICA) in 1964 for^ a b Potter, Janet Greenstein (1996). Great American
$250,000. The sale amount was far below marketRailroad Stations. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
value and represented "a substantial donation on thep. 134. ISBN 0-471-14389-8. 
part of the B&O", said MICA officials. After^ Salamon, Stephen J.; Oroszi, David P., and Ori, David
$1 million was raised by MICA for the project, theP. (1993). Baltimore and Ohio: Reflections of the Capitol
station was converted for use by art students in 1967Dome. Silver Spring, Md.: Old Line Graphics. pp. 24.
at a final cost of $18 per square foot of building space,ISBN 1-879314-08-8. 
which was considerably less than the estimated cost^ a b c Charles V. Flowers, "Mount Royal Closes
for a new building of $25 per square foot. The formerDoors But Tower Clock Will Run", The Baltimore Sun,
B&O baggage room and platform areas wereJuly 1, 1961.
enclosed for use as studios and the station's exterior^ Beebe, Lucius and Clegg, Charles (1993). The Trains
and clock tower were retained. The original 800-footWe Rode. New York: Promontory Press. p. 111. ISBN
(240 m) long iron trainshed remains over CSX0883940817. 
Transportation's active mainline tracks. This adaptive^ a b Binney, Marcus (1979). Railway Architecture.
reuse preserved the Mount Royal Station as anSave Britain's Heritage (Association). pp. 226. ISBN
example of late 19th century industrial architecture,0-442-20393-4. 
using it for a purpose different from its original one.^ Frank P. L. Somerville (September 22, 1964). "Institute
Design work for the conversion was performed byBuys B&O Station". The Baltimore Evening Sun. 
Richard Donkervoet of Cochran, Stephenson and^ Harwood, Jr., Herbert H. (1990). Royal Blue Line.
Donkervoet. Donkervoet retained as much of theSykesville, Md.: Greenberg Publishing. pp. 171. ISBN
building exterior appearance as possible, and also0-89778-155-4. 
preserved much of the interior character, including the^ Dorsey, John; Dilts, James D. (1981). A Guide to
vaulted ceilings, columns, and mosaic floor. ArchitecturalBaltimore Architecture (Second ed.). Centreville, ryland:
Forum recognized the station renovation for "sensitivityTidewater Publishes. pp. 180181. ISBN
by later architects to the initial conception by the0-87033-272-4. 
original," and Margaret Mead, in a lecture given at theExternal links
station, commented that the renovation "is perhaps theWikimedia Commons has media related to: Mount
most magnificent example in the Western World ofRoyal Station
something being made into something else".Mount Royal Station, Baltimore City, including photo in
A CSX Transportation train under the trainshed in2004, at Maryland Historical Trustv  d  e
2009U.S.